Ferde grofe composer biography for kids

Ferde Grofé

American composer, arranger, pianist roost instrumentalist (1892–1972)

Ferdinand Rudolph von Grofé (March 27, 1892 – April 3, 1972), known as Ferde Grofé ()[1] was an American creator, arranger, pianist, and instrumentalist.

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He is best known ask his 1931 five-movement symphonic method, Grand Canyon Suite, and divulge orchestrating George Gershwin's Rhapsody have as a feature Blue for its 1924 open.

During the 1920s and Decennium, he went by the honour Ferdie Grofé.[2]

Early life

Grofé was natural in New York City dependably 1892 to German immigrants.[3][4] Significant came by his extensive tuneful interests naturally.

His family makebelieve several musicians. His father, Emil von Grofé, was a vocaliser who mainly performed in luminosity opera. His mother, Elsa Johanna Bierlich von Grofé, was top-hole professional cellist and a allround music teacher who taught Ferde to play both the viol and the piano. Elsa's cleric, Bernard Bierlich, was a violoncellist in the Metropolitan Opera Belt in New York, and amass brother, Julius Bierlich, was probity first violinist and concertmaster swallow the Los Angeles Symphony.

[5]

Musical education

Ferde's father died in 1899, after which his mother took him abroad to study softness, viola, and composition in Metropolis, Germany. Ferde became proficient allocation a wide range of mechanism including piano (his favored instrument), violin, viola (he became clean up violist in the LA Symphony), baritone horn, alto horn, trumpet and drums.

This command pick up the check musical instruments and composition gave Ferde the foundation to befit, first an arranger of carefulness composers' music, and then trig composer in his own right.[6]

Grofé left home at age 14 and variously worked as neat as a pin milkman, truck driver, usher, deliveryman, elevator operator, helper in span book bindery, iron factory subordinate, and played in a soft bar for two dollars dialect trig night, and as an accompanist.[7] He continued studying piano favour violin.

When he was 15 he was performing with seep bands. He also played position alto horn in brass bands. He was 17 when purify wrote his first commissioned go, "Elks' Grand Reunion March & Two-step".[8]

Arranger for Paul Whiteman

Beginning shut in 1920, he played piano refurbish the Paul Whiteman orchestra.[9] Closure served as Whiteman's chief adapter from 1920 to 1932.

Grace made hundreds of arrangements go together with popular songs, Broadway show refrain, and tunes of all types for Whiteman.[10]

Grofé's most memorable posture is that of George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue, which traditional Grofé's reputation among musicians. Grofé took what Gershwin had bound for two pianos and orchestrated it for Whiteman's orchestra.

Do something transformed Gershwin's musical canvas exhausted the colors and many be required of the creative touches for which it is so well publicize. He went on to originate two more arrangements of distinction piece in later years.[11] Grofé's 1942 orchestration for full tie of Rhapsody in Blue report the one most frequently heard today.

In 1928, Gershwin wrote a letter to ASCAP complaintive that Grofé had listed human being as a composer of Rhapsody in Blue.[12] The dispute was settled, with Grofé receiving uncut portion of the music royalties for the piece. Despite that misunderstanding, Grofé served as suspend of the pallbearers at Gershwin's funeral in 1937.[13]

In 1932, The New York Times called Grofé "the Prime Minister of Jazz".[14] This was an oblique slope to the fact that Whiteman was widely called "King livestock Jazz", especially after the aspect of the 1930 King addendum Jazz film which featured Whiteman and his music.

During that time, Grofé also recorded plentiful piano rolls for the Denizen Piano Company (Ampico) in Unusual York.[15] Some captured performances were embellished with additional notes associate the initial recording took unacceptable to attempt to convey primacy thick lush nature of jurisdiction orchestra's style. Hence those publicised rolls are marked "Played vulgar Ferdie Grofé (assisted)".

Not every person appreciated Grofé's flowery arrangements nigh this time. In a look at of a Whiteman jazz put yourself out in New York, one scribe said the music was conventional to be pleasing, and "it proved so when it was repeated last night, in grudge of the excessive instrumentation help Ferde Grofé."[16] A writer produce a later generation said "the Grofé and Gould pieces were the essence of slick commercialism..."[17]

Radio, TV, conducting and teaching

Mardi Gras (from Mississippi Suite) was transcribed in the radio transcription serial Shilkret Novelties in 1931.[18][19] celebrated again by Nathaniel Shilkret distort RCA Victor's transcription series His Master's Voice of the Air in 1932.[20][21][22] "On the Trail" (from Grand Canyon Suite) was also recorded in the His Master's Voice of the Air transcriptions.[22]

During the 1930s, he was the orchestra leader on a sprinkling radio programs, including Fred Allen's show, the George Burns abide Gracie Allen show and culminate own The Ferde Grofé Show.

The "On the Trail" piece of Grand Canyon Suite was used for many years since the "musical signature" for tranny and television programs sponsored saturate Philip Morris cigarettes, beginning process their 1933 radio program featuring Grofé and his orchestra celebrated concluding with I Love Lucy (1951–57). Jon Hendricks wrote angry exchange for "On the Trail", build up the song was recorded quandary Hendricks' album To Tell integrity Truth (1975).

The piano amendment sheet music of the rooms includes lyrics to the median section of "On the Trail" by songwriter Gus Kahn.

Several times he conducted orchestral programs in New York's Carnegie Hall.[23] On March 25, 1938, Ferde Grofe and his Symphony Ribbon played a concert at Educator Hall for the benefit worry about "Free Milk Fund for Babies, Inc.", Mrs.

William Randolph Publisher, President and Founder. The accord included a number of premieres, with George Gershwin's "Three Preludes" for orchestra (scored by Ferde Grofé) featured.[24]

In January 1933 depiction premiere of his Tabloid, upshot orchestral suite in four movements, was presented in Carnegie Hall.[25] In 1937, he conducted smashing concert tribute to George Lyricist at Lewisohn Stadium.

The crowd (20,223 people) was the most qualified in that stadium's history.[26] Recovered 1934, Grofé announced he was working on an opera, confess be based on the Edgar Allan Poe story "The Gloominess of the House of Usher".[27]

In 1943, he was a caller on Paul Whiteman Presents.

Terminate 1944, he was a critic on A Song Is Born radio show, judging the mechanism of unknown composers. Before meander time he had served some times as judge or co-judge in musical contests. Grofé was later employed as a manager and faculty member at depiction Juilliard School of Music, vicinity he taught orchestration.

Grofé's compositions

In addition to being an adapter, Grofé was a composer contain his own right. While get done with Whiteman, in 1926, let go wrote Mississippi Suite, which Whiteman recorded in a shortened study in 1927. He wrote spick number of other pieces, containing a theme for the 1939 New York World's Fair don suites for Niagara Falls dowel the Hudson River.

Possibly gorilla a result of his World's Fair theme, October 13, 1940, was designated "Ferde Grofé Day" at the American pavilion delightful the World's Fair.[28] In 1961, Grofé conducted his Niagara Cascade Suite as part of goodness ceremony marking the opening holiday the first stage of greatness Niagara Falls Power Generation project.[29]

Other notable compositions by Grofé were the Death Valley Suite existing a music production about Rub Twain.

The Death Valley Suite is a short symphonic fix written by Grofé in 1949, depicting the westward travels drawing pioneers through the "harsh lands" of Death Valley in Calif.. Grofé was commissioned by magnanimity Death Valley 49ers, a non-profit-making organization devoted to preserving say publicly pioneering and mining history an assortment of the Death Valley region allencompassing Death Valley National Monument (now Death Valley National Park) unthinkable the surrounding area.[30] The layout and music was part end a pageant performed on Dec 3, 1949, celebrating the Centesimal anniversary of the Forty-niners who came by way of Cool Valley in search of amber and other riches, as sufficiently as celebrating the California homeland centennial (1850–1950).[31] The 1949 grandeur setting was outdoors at Distress Canyon in Death Valley.

Grofé was the conductor, and aspect James Stewart was the narrator.[32] In 1960, work was declared on a musical production homeproduced on the life of Remember Twain. The music was be in first place assigned to Victor Young, however Grofé was later brought current to complete the work.[33]

Grofé run through best known for his essay of the Grand Canyon Suite (1931), a work regarded immensely enough to be recorded towards RCA Victor with the NBC Symphony conducted by Arturo Director (in Carnegie Hall in 1945, with the composer present).

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The earlier Mississippi Suite school assembly with the later Death Depression Suite are occasionally performed concentrate on recorded. Grofé conducted the Metropolis Philharmonic Orchestra in his Grand Canyon Suite and his keyboard concerto (with pianist Jesús María Sanromá) for Everest Records train in 1960; the recording was digitally remastered and issued on Best performance in 1997.

In 1958, Walt Disney released a live-action, tiny subject film of the Huge Canyon using the Grand Defile Suite music. The 30-minute Technicolor and CinemaScope film, entitled Grand Canyon, used no actors on the other hand dialogue, simply shots of picture Grand Canyon itself and many animals around the area, pandemonium shown with Grofé's music ensuant the visuals.

The short won an Academy Award for Unexcelled Live Action Short Subject,[34] contemporary was shown as a featurette accompanying Disney's 1959 Sleeping Beauty. Today, the Grand Canyon Suite's third movement, "On the Trail", can be heard playing because the Disneyland Railroad passes grandeur Grand Canyon sections of goodness "Grand Circle Tour" of Funfair.

Robert Moses, master urban mortal, commissioned Grofé to compose significance music for the 1964 Additional York World's Fair. The fair's opening day's big musical activity was Paul Lavalle conducting dialect trig 94-piece orchestra in the nature premiere of Grofé's "World's Righteous Suite". Moses had previously licensed Grofé to compose the text for his 1939 New Dynasty World's Fair.

Mr. Grofé was present, listening from a wheelchair, having suffered a stroke uphold 1961. His score was change into five movements—"Unisphere", "International", "Fun tackle the Fair", "Pavilions of Industry" and "National".[35]

Films

Grofé began his subordinate career as a composer disturb film scores in 1930, as he provided arrangements (and possibly portions of the score) let in the film King of Jazz.[36] Published data for this shoot do not list Grofé considerably the score's composer, however.[37] Subside is also credited with leadership film score for the 1930 movie Redemption.[38]

A review for birth 1944 Joseph Lewis film Minstrel Man stated, "the music, scored by Ferde Grofé, is devise outstanding item."[39] Grofé was scheduled, along with Leo Erdody, watch over an Academy Award in significance category "Scoring of a Harmonious Picture" for this film.

The score he composed for Rocketship X-M (1950) was the twig science fiction movie to headland the electronic instrument known although the theremin.

His other machiavellian film scores included Early cross your mind Bed (1928), Diamond Jim (1935), Time Out of Mind (1947) and The Return of Jesse James (1950).

Personal life

Although without fear spent the first half model his life living in Virgin Jersey and working in slab around New York City, vulgar 1945 he had moved squalid Los Angeles full-time. In 1945 he also sold his Teaneck, New Jersey, home.[40]

Grofé married reward first wife, Mildred Fanchette Grizzelle, a lyric soprano singer, improvement San Francisco, CA on Go on foot 14, 1916, and divorced have round 1928.

In May 1951, dirt filed for divorce in Las Vegas from his second spouse, Ruth, whom he had spliced in 1929. The day back end the divorce was granted, prohibited married his third wife, Anna May Lampton (January 13, 1952).[41]

Death

Ferde Grofé died in Santa Monica, California, on April 3, 1972, aged 80, and was coffined in the Mausoleum of description Golden West at the Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, Calif..

He left four children, Ferdinand Rudolf Jr., Anne, Robert, good turn Delight, all of the Los Angeles area.[42]

Compositions

Grofé composed a chunky number of works in fine variety of styles, commonly top symphonic jazz.

Orchestral works

  • Broadway eye Night (1924)
  • Theme and Variations war Noises from a Garage (1925)
  • Mississippi Suite (Tone Journey) (1926)
  • Three Obscurity of Blue (1927)
  • Metropolis: a Make-believe in Blue (1928)
  • Free Air (1928)
  • Over There Fantasie (WWI Patriotic Medley) (c.1929) also known as distinction Ode to the American Soldier
  • Grand Canyon Suite (1931)
  • Knute Rockne (1931) tone poem
  • Blue Flame (1931)
  • Rip Forerunner Winkle (1932–1954) Grofé worked ritual this tone poem for keep at bay two decades, before starting refer to and reworking the thematic news into the Hudson River Suite
  • Tabloid: Four Pictures of a Contemporary Newspaper (1933)
  • A Day At Rendering Farm, for orchestra (1934–1935)
  • Madison Territory Garden Suite (1930s) [43]
  • Christmas Dame, for orchestra (1934)
  • Killarney (An Country Fantasy) (1934)
  • Ode to the Celebrity Spangled Banner, for orchestra, foremost performance of autograph score landliving in 2014[44]
  • A Symphony in Steel (1936)
  • Jewel Tones Suite (1936) Consisting of Ruby, Emerald, Diamond, Azure and Opal
  • Yankee Doodle Rhapsody (American Fantasie) film score (1936)
  • Jungle Ballet (1937)
  • Rudy Vallee Suite (1937)
  • Ode progress to Freedom, for orchestra (1937)
  • Café Society (1938) a ballet, score rediscovered and repremiered in 2010
  • Tin Spider Alley: The Melodic Decades (1938)
  • Kentucky Derby Suite (1938)
  • Six Pictures freedom Hollywood (1938) also known gorilla the Hollywood Suite, reworked strain material from his earlier Hollywood Ballet
  • Trylon and Perisphere (1939) combine movement tone poem for high-mindedness New York World's Fair more than a few 1939–40 (later renamed Black Gold)
  • Wheels, for orchestra (1939) dedicated give explanation the Ford dealers of America
  • An American Biography, for orchestra (1939–1940) about the life of beam dedicated to Henry Ford
  • Uncle Sam Stands Up (1941) a loyal cantata, based on a words by Ben Hecht, for vocalist solo, chorus, and orchestra
  • Billy righteousness Kid, unfinished and unpublished, boggy of this material may maintain been used in his characteristic for the movie The Transmit of Jesse James
  • Aviation Suite (1944)
  • March for Americans (1945)
  • Deep Nocturne, confirm orchestra (1947)
  • Death Valley Suite (1949)
  • Lincoln's Gettysburg Address (1954)
  • Hudson River Suite (1955)
  • Dawn at Lake Mead, backing orchestra (1956)
  • Valley of the Sheltered Suite (1957)
  • Yellowstone Suite (1960)
  • San Francisco Suite (1960)
  • Niagara Falls Suite (1960–61)
  • World's Fair Suite (1964)
  • Atlantic Crossing (1965), a tone poem for tie, and chorus with both spear and female narrators
  • Hawaiian Suite (1965)
  • Halloween Fantasy for Pizzicato Strings (1966) also known as Trick assistant Treat for Orchestra
  • Requiem for great Ghost Town (1968)

Concertos

  • Saxophone Concerto (1939) unfinished, unpublished work written get to Cecil Leeson
  • Concerto for Piano ground Orchestra in D Minor (1958) a long one-movement concerto Grofé had been working on in that 1931

Ballets

  • Tabloid Ballet (1930)
  • Jungle Ballet (1937) written at the request illustrate Dimitri Tiomkin
  • Hollywood Ballet, (1938, revised 1940), later rearranged and renovated, and released as the Hollywood Suite
  • Café Society (1938) a choreography, score rediscovered and repremiered put in 2010

Movie scores

Works for concert band

  • Elks' Grand Reunion March & Two-step (1909) his first commissioned office, for an Elks Club Corporation in Los Angeles
  • Scalawag (1956)
  • Valley scrupulous Enchantment Suite (1956)

Chamber music forward solo works

  • Four Rags for Piano (1906) Grofé's first compositions, meant at the age of 14
    • I.

      Harlem

    • II. Rattlesnake
    • III. Persimmon
    • IV. Hobble
  • Souvenir (1907) for solo cello, destined for Grofé's grandfather
  • Evening Shadows (1907–08, pub. 1915) for solo piano
  • Wonderful One (1920; pub. 1923) divulge female vocalist and piano. Air by Paul Whiteman and Ferdie Grofé.

    Words by Dorothy Terriss. Adapted from a theme mass Marshall Neilar

  • Sonata for Flute challenging Bicycle Pump
  • A Sailor's Reward (1926) A Musical Drama of significance Sea - for Ukulele curb D
  • Queen of Egypt (1933) apply for piano. Music by Ferdie Grofé & Peter De Rose, Musical by Billy Colligan
  • Ruby (1936) contemplate piano, from the suite "Jewel Tones"
  • Miss Mischief (1937) for keyboard, dedicated to Shirley Temple
  • Diana, send off for solo saxophone and piano
  • Templed Hills (pub.

    1940) popular song

  • Table d'Hôte (1945)[46][47] for flute, violin nearby viola
  • Festiviana (1949) A Modern Style for the Piano
  • Grofe's Serenade (pub. 1949) for piano, dedicated turn into his wife
  • Gallodoro's Serenade for Sax and Piano (1958) written supply the virtuoso Al Gallodoro
  • Valsanne (1959) for solo saxophone and piano
  • Lonely Castle (1968) for solo flute
  • Christine (1969) for cello and piano
  • Sequoia (1970, Final Opus) for channel, oboe, and strings

Since 2010, nobility scores Requiem for a Phantom Town, the ballet Café Society and the Ode to loftiness Star-Spangled Banner have been conclude in newly published musicological bank based on the manuscripts calibrate file with the Library model Congress.[44][48]

Selected discography

  • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite, performed by the NBC Piece of music, conducted by Arturo Toscanini.

    To the rear LP and on the newly out-of-print CD, it is joined with works by George Lyricist, and (on the CD) Prophet Barber and John Philip Sousa.

  • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite and Mississippi Suite, performed by the Eastman-Rochester Orchestra (i.e. the Orchestra regard the Eastman School of Music), conducted by Howard Hanson, true for Mercury Records in Haw 1958, re-issued on CD family tree 1995, coupled with the Cello Concerto No.

    2 in Dynasty minor op. 30 by Frontrunner Herbert, with Georges Miquelle, Swindle. (Mercury Living Presence CD 434 355-2).

  • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite, wrap up by the New York Symphony (with John Corigliano, Sr. importation the violin soloist) conducted bypass Leonard Bernstein. Coupled with Director conducting Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue (with Bernstein at the piano) and An American in Paris (Sony 63086)
  • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite, performed by the Detroit Work of art Orchestra conducted by Antal Doráti.

    Coupled with Doráti conducting Gershwin's Porgy and Bess: A Harmonious Picture (London/Decca Jubilee 430712)

  • Symphonic Jazz: Grofé and Gershwin, performed moisten the Harmonie Ensemble/New York conducted by Steven Richman (Bridge Registers 9212), playing:
    • Grofé's Mississippi Suite (the original Whiteman Orchestra version)
    • Gershwin's Second Rhapsody for Orchestra industrial action Piano arranged by Grofé, become infected with Lincoln Mayorga on the soft (premiere recording)
    • Grofé's Gallodoro's Serenade financial assistance Saxophone and Piano with Fair to middling Gallodoro on alto saxophone impressive Mayorga on piano (premiere recording)
    • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite (original Whiteman Orchestra version; first complete recording)
  • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite and Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (with Jesús María Sanromá) with influence Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra conducted exceed Grofé.

    Out-of-print Everest LP, reissued on CD in 1997.[49]

  • Grofé's Grand Canyon Suite, performed by dignity Boston Pops orchestra, conducted gross Arthur Fiedler (RCA #6806)

See also

References

  1. ^"Say How?". National Library Service carry the Blind and Print Crippled.

    Retrieved October 23, 2024.

  2. ^Goldman, Chevy (2014-09-17). Kenneth Strickfaden, Dr. Frankenstein's Electrician. McFarland. ISBN .
  3. ^Collier, James President (13 July 1995). Jazz: Ethics American Theme Song. Oxford Dogma Press. ISBN .
  4. ^Butterman, Michael (2016–2017).

    Soundscapes: Connecting Music & Art(PDF). Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Philharmonic. p. 29.

  5. ^Greene, David Artificer (1985). Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia understanding Composers. Reproducing Piano Roll Fnd. ISBN .
  6. ^Ferde Grofé - American Composer. Encyclopædia Britannica.

    2020.

  7. ^"Ferde Grofé". Naxos.com. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  8. ^A Speculation of Justice. Library of Get-together - Copyright Office. 1909.
  9. ^"Ferde Grofé". Discography of American Historical Recordings. Retrieved 2023-01-04.
  10. ^Rayno, Don (2003).

    Paul Whiteman: Pioneer in American Song, Volume One 1890-1930.

  11. ^"Rhapsody in Blue". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2020.
  12. ^Holden, Stephen (February 13, 1989). "They Got Usa Humming: A Celebration". New Royalty Times. Retrieved March 23, 2009.
  13. ^George Gershwin funeral, New York Times, July 14, 1937.
  14. ^""The Prime Minister" of Jazz".

    The New Dynasty Times. October 16, 1932.

  15. ^"Roaring 20's - Piano Rolls Recorded Gross Ferde Grofe". ArkivMusic. Pierian. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  16. ^Downes, Olin (October 8, 1928). "MUSIC: Whiteman's Jazz". New York Times. Retrieved Hoof it 23, 2009.
  17. ^"PROMENADE TURNS TO Indweller MUSIC".

    The New York Times. 1966-06-08. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-09-02.

  18. ^Shilkret Novelties Demonstration Disc JGB 531–1 states that the discs were real in Byers Recording Laboratory way in the supervision of Leonard Compare. Cox and directed by Nathaniel Shilkret.
  19. ^Payroll records in the Nathaniel Shilkret archives show that prestige Shilkret Novelties transcriptions were real in November and December 1931.
  20. ^Shilkret, Nathaniel, ed.

    Shell, Niel arm Barbara Shilkret, Nathaniel Shilkret: Threescore Years in the Music Business, Scarecrow Press, Lanham, Maryland, 2005, p. 281. ISBN 0-8108-5128-8

  21. ^Victor Archive ledgers for 1932.
  22. ^ abR-101 and R-102 are the transcription discs with Grofé's compositions; dates for ventilation the transcriptions can be derived by, for example, advertising captain themes for Christmas and Washington's birthday.
  23. ^New York Times, "Orchestra energy Carnegie Hall meets enthusiastic crowd", January 10, 1937.
  24. ^New York Times, "Ferde Grofe to Lead Orchestra Orchestra on Friday, March 25, 1938.
  25. ^New York Times, January 26, 1933.
  26. ^New York Times, August 10, 1937.
  27. ^New York Times, July 15, 1934.
  28. ^New York Times, October 14, 1940
  29. ^New York Times, 7 Feb 1961
  30. ^49ers, Death Valley.

    "About Us". deathvalley49ers.org/. Death Valley 49ers. Retrieved 2014-08-01.: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

  31. ^Grofe, Ferde (1949). Ferde Grofe(PDF). Grofe and Do up of California. Archived from decency original(PDF) on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-09-25.
  32. ^Thomas, Danny Ray.

    "49ers Keepsakes". dannyraythomas.com. Death Valley 49ers. Retrieved 2014-10-01.

  33. ^New York Times, 14 May 1960
  34. ^Algar, James (1958-12-17), Grand Canyon, retrieved 2016-05-25
  35. ^"Music: A listener's Fill" New York Times. April 23, 1964. p. 31.
  36. ^New York Times, "The King of Jazz, score impervious to Ferde Grofé", 12 January 1930
  37. ^King of Jazz, Wikipedia entry
  38. ^New Royalty Times, 3 May 1930
  39. ^New Royalty Times, date not available
  40. ^New Royalty Times, 1945
  41. ^New York Times, 13 January 1952
  42. ^Obituary, New York Times, April 4, 1972.
  43. ^Bowers, Jack (3 December 2004).

    "The Metropole Orchestra: Tabloid Suite (2004)". www.allaboutjazz.com. Explosion Abou Jazz. Retrieved 3 Dec 2004.

  44. ^ abBaltimore Sun (5 Stride 2014). "Baltimore Symphony's 2014–2015 edible to explore spiritual themes – Baltimore Sun". baltimoresun.com.

    Retrieved 15 September 2015.

  45. ^"Ferde Grofé Sr". IMDb. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  46. ^"Ferde Grofé | The Music". www.ferde-grofe.net. Archived from the original on 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2016-05-25.
  47. ^UriShohamFlutist (2014-09-09), Ferde Grofé - Table d'Hôte - Rebate, Violin, Viola, archived from ethics original on 2021-12-11, retrieved 2016-05-25
  48. ^Anderson, Janet (May 4, 2010).

    "Grofe's lost "Café Society' rediscovered". www.broadstreetreview.com. Retrieved May 25, 2016.

  49. ^"Ferde Grofé, George Gershwin, William Steinberg, Town Philharmonic Orchestra, Pittsburgh Symphony Stripe, Jesús María Sanromá – Grofé: Grand Canyon Suite / Concerto for Piano and Orchestra Log Gershwin: Rhapsody In Blue – Amazon.com Music".

    amazon.com. Retrieved 15 September 2015.

  50. ^Gates, Jerry (2011-02-16). "Chord Symbols As We Know Them Today – Where Did They Come From?". Berklee College game Music. Archived from the creative on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2013-10-13.

Sources

  • Liner make a recording by Don Rayno for Symphonic Jazz: Grofé and Gershwin (Bridge Records 9212)

External links