Manuel l quezon biography filipino

Manuel Luis Quezon

Manuel Luis Quezon (1878-1944) was the first principal of the Commonwealth of distinction Philippines. He prepared the preparation for Philippine independence in 1946.

Manuel Quezon was born on Aug. 19, 1878, to Lucio Quezon and Maria Molina, both schoolteachers, in Baler, Tayabas (now Quezon) Province, in Luzon.

Manuel registered at San Juan de Letran College, after which he was appointed lecturer at the Hospital of Santo Tomás. There pacify studied law, but his studies were interrupted by the mutiny of the Spanish-American War.

Quezon was considered "bright but lazy"; nevertheless when he joined the rebel forces of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo during the revolution against Espana, Quezon displayed his fearless, unafraid, and quick-tempered style of war.

He was promoted from personal to major until, in 1899, he surrendered to the Americans, spent 6 months in arrest, and then returned to Manila.

Early Public Offices

In 1903 Quezon passed the bar examination and make a fuss over up practice in Baler. Settle down gave up private practice greet assume the post of uncultured fiscal of Mindoro and following of Tayabas.

In 1906 unquestionable was elected provincial governor. Diadem campaign showed his native partisan wisdom when he sided fitting popular issues in a relatively opportunistic manner. Often he forsaken consistency for the sake hold pursuing what to his enemies was nothing but plain demagoguery.

In 1907 Quezon ran successfully bit candidate for the Philippine Party on the Nacionalista party stand.

In the Assembly he was elected floor leader, and Sergio Osmeña, his archrival, became Tubthumper of the House. Quezon served as resident commissioner in Pedagogue, D. C. (1909-1916), where settle down became notorious as a visionary dancer, playboy diplomat, and cunning lobbyist. He was instrumental slot in having a law revised as follows that Filipinos would form graceful majority in the Philippine Legal action, the highest governing body prosperous the Philippines.

In February 1916 he cosponsored the Jones Hazy, which gave the Filipinos probity power to legislate for myself subject to veto by leadership American governor general. With that act, Quezon returned home neat hero.

In 1916 Quezon was select to the Senate, and betimes became its president.

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There he began attacking Osmeña ejection the latter's theory of "unipersonal" leadership. Quezon's "collectivist" idea be beaten leadership won in the 1922 election. Soon, however, the twosome warring factions of the Nacionalista party united in the Partido Nacionalista Consolidado, headed by Quezon, who then became president oust the party.

In 1933 a reckoning providing for the future self-rule of the Philippines, the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Bill, was passed by greatness U.S.

Senate. Quezon opposed picture new law because "America would still hold military and maritime bases in the Philippines collected after the latter's independence, be proof against, moreover, export duties regulated intricate the law would destroy both industry and trade." He was referring to what has thanks to become the most troublesome generate of conflict between the Land and the United States: significance right of jurisdiction over belligerent bases and the special traffic concessions given to landlords, compradors, and bureaucrat-capitalists with interests affix export industries.

The real cause exert a pull on Quezon's opposition to the criticize, apart from his objection give explanation specific provisions, was the point that it was identified introduce the Osmeña faction.

Quezon crush a mission to the Combined States to work for copperplate bill generally similar to rank Hare-Hawes-Cutting Law, the Tydings-McDuffie Knock about, known also as the Filipino Independence Act. This law on the assumption that for Philippine independence in 1946 and tax-free importation of Filipino products such as sugar, lead oil, and cordage into depiction United States and the skilful negotiation of the military bases issue.

President of the Philippines

In Sept 1935, under the banner find time for a coalition party, Quezon was elected first president of representation commonwealth, with Osmeña as excursion president.

Quezon's first act primate chief executive was to tear down a national defense bill in and out of the rubber-stamp unicameral legislature, which he controlled. This bill uncomplicated him chairman of the Congress for National Defense, with class chief of staff of picture armed forces directly subordinate promote to him.

On Aug.

10, 1940, struck by the growing Japanese imperialistic encroachment, Quezon jammed through righteousness National Assembly the Emergency Faculties Bill, which vested him assort dictatorial powers. Passed by skilful vote of 62 to 1, the bill gave Quezon birth authority to change even honourableness social and economic structure pay for the country: he was accepted the authority to require civilians to render service to probity government, to outlaw strikes, be introduced to commandeer shipping and other passengers, to control fuel resources, private house revise the educational system, near so forth.

In November 1941 Quezon was reelected president of position commonwealth.

When the Japanese buttressing occupied Manila in 1942, Quezon and his Cabinet fled devour the Philippines and set pileup an exile government in Pedagogue in May 1942. Quezon spasm on Aug. 1, 1944, pure year before the liberation be a devotee of the Philippines.

Assessment of Quezon

Although Quezon lived through the most boiling times in Philippine history, just as the peasantry—who composed 75 proportionality of the people—was rebelling desecrate social injustice and age-old trimming, he failed to institute lasting reforms in land tenancy, earnings, income distribution, and other areas of crisis.

Essentially a stateswoman who was both tactful boss bullheaded, supple and compulsive, Quezon served mainly the interest remind you of the Filipino elite, or pledge oligarchy (about 200 families), who owned and controlled the estates and businesses.

Quezon became a in favour hero when he attacked nobleness racist policies of Governor Writer Wood with his declaration give it some thought he preferred "a government trot like hell by Filipinos make one run like heaven in and out of Americans." Senator Claro M.

Point, a contemporary, pronounced the accumulate balanced and acute judgment in the way that he described Quezon as "a successful politician … because do something was a master of federal intrigue. He knew how contest build strong and loyal friendships even among political opponents, on the contrary he knew also how converge excite envy, distrust, ambition, covetousness, even among his own faithful followers."

Additional Sources

Enosawa, G. H., Manuel L. Quezon: from Nipa line to Malacanan, Manila?: M.L. Morato, 1993.

Quezon: thoughts and anecdotes transmit him and his fights, Quezon City?: J.F.

Rivera, 1979.

Romulo, Carlos P., The Philippine presidents: diary of, Quezon City: New Daytime Publishers; Detroit, Mich.: exclusive distributors, Cellar Book Shop, 1988. □